Understanding of Primate Socioecology

Introduction Hominin reveals an evolutionary change in the understanding of what it means to be human and to be other species such as the common chimpanzee and Bonobo. This study is dictated by the large number of living groups both males and females, with the main intention of establishing how their social relationships vary between themselves and other species.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding of Primate Socioecology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In fact, recent studies show that this variation is not only found in the grouping patterns of different species, but also within species and sometimes in groups of the same local population (Boyd and Silk 124). The aim of this paper is to reconstruct a socioecology of hominin concerning the latest findings from the species of Praeanthropus Dimorphicus and the species of Praeanthropus Monomorphicus. This will help in developing a deeper understanding of primate socioecology. The two species (Praeanthropus Dimorphicus and Praeanthropus Monomorphicus) show dissimilar features ranging from their teeth structure, weight, and brain size. This demonstrates that the two species are from two different lineages, and possibly different environments. This difference could be linked to different adaptations within different environments. Praeanthropus Dimorphicus species is larger and heavier, while Praeanthropus Monomorphicus, on the other hand, is slightly lighter in weight. The ten male and female adults weigh 135kg and 90kg respectively, which is an indication that these are the large species (adults individuals). Besides, the existence of the zebra and wilder beast in the same environment with the ten adults implies that they have almost the same diet according to their teeth descriptions. Praeanthropus Dimorphicus’ molars have high cusps, shearing crests and thin enamel, and thus, they fall into the group of folivores. These are the leaf eaters or vegetation eaters, but some also fall back to eating flesh, especially the humans. They have great morals for sharing. On the other hand, Praeanthropus Monomorphicus has large, lower rounded cusps with a thick enamel, and this species is the fruit eaters (frugivores). Robert Boyd and Joan B. Silk (31) argue that fruit eaters use their lower cusps, which are adapted for breaking the hard seeds and corns, hence sometime, they feed on vegetation. According to Robert Boyd and Joan B. Silk (2), teeth and mandibles are the best features to study in the fossil record. They can be found many years later because they do not decompose easily, mainly because they are made from hard or dense substance/material, thus predators and scavengers are not able to destroy them because they do not have any meat.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They are essentials because they tell almost everything about the species. For this case, apart from what we have already discussed above, teeth and mandibles can tell us a lot about the habitation of the two species. Praeanthropus Dimorphicus is a leaf or vegetation eater found in areas, such as savannah. Praeanthropus Monomorphicus is basically a fruit eater that inhabits the dense, rain forests areas. Besides that, the Praeanthropus Dimorphicus and Praeanthropus Monomorphicus are both social animals that live in groups. The zebra and wildebeest are found in larger groups of up to 200 herds. Praeanthropus Monomorphicus is also found in relatively smaller groups. The body size of the ten adults is relatively high with the male species having 135kg and the female species weighing 90kg. A brain is relatively large to the body size; this implies that the species in the question (Praeanthropus Dimorphicus) may have a relatively high IQ as well (Muehlenbein 81). In regards to the Praeanthropus Monomorphicus, the female ind ividuals have a large brain size showing that they are primates, which are mainly found in the tropics. Praeanthropus Monomorphicus can be considered as primates with a small body size with relative small brains. It weighs approximately 60kg, and this means a proportionality of the same level of brain and a relatively low IQ. Praeanthropus Dimorphicus has a larger ranging behavior because the species has to search for pastures in expansive areas, especially in seasons when there is little vegetation in the savannah grassland. As for Praeanthropus Monomorphicus, which are mainly found in the tropics/rain forests, their ranging behavior is relatively low because those areas have a lot of food supply through the year due to the type of climate. Territoriality, the species, Praeanthropus Dimorphicus, has a mild territorial nature because its representatives live in big groups, and there is more than one male to mate the other females. They are also not very repulsive to other animals jo ining the herds. However, for the case of our second species, Praeanthropus Monomorphicus is territorial, and the dominant male is responsible for mating with the females in the group. Conclusion This study is necessary because it gives an unpredictability of social systems among different species. It helps scientifically analyze various associations within this species and between different species. It is also particularly appropriate in investigating the forces that cause the changes in the social organizations and the results of such shifts. It is an informative insight into the observable differences between the different species in terms of their behavior, as well as adaptations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding of Primate Socioecology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Boyd, Robert and Joan B. Silk. How Humans Evolved. 5th edn. New York: W.W. Norton, 2009. Print. Muehlenbein, Michael . Human Evolutionary Biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. Print. This essay on Understanding of Primate Socioecology was written and submitted by user Liberty Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Philosophy Of Education

My Philosophy of Education As a teacher, my philosophy of education centers on the child and their development as a person. I feel it is most important that the student move toward becoming more independent. Students cannot become independent thinkers and individuals if the teacher is always the one to make decisions and tell the students what they are to do. I feel the main purpose of education is to allow the students to become responsible and productive citizens. My duty is to teach, of course, but in a facilitating manner as to guide the students into the learning rather than in an authoritative manner. This, however, does not mean that there is no organization or order in the classroom. I try to provide developmentally appropriate practices and experiences. According to Piaget, a great number in the researcher in the field of education, children at eight or nine years of age become more able to classify according to more than one variable, to rank order items in logical series, to understand that amounts of mass or liquids do not change just because their shape does, and to intellectually manipulate new and more complex relationships. Spoken and written communications improve as children complete their basic understanding of grammar. Also, even though students at this age have a much more mature understanding or many processes and relationships, it is still based on concrete reality. Learning takes place most successfully when concrete objects are present. Therefore, I believe in providing as many concrete learning experiences as possible for the students. I also feel students need to be exposed to as many creative experiences through much writing as well as art activities. Therefore, I will involve my students in lots of writing activities and art activities as well. Not only is writing important but reading and lots of it is very important. The more a child reads and is exposed to rich experiences;... Free Essays on Philosophy Of Education Free Essays on Philosophy Of Education My Philosophy of Education As a teacher, my philosophy of education centers on the child and their development as a person. I feel it is most important that the student move toward becoming more independent. Students cannot become independent thinkers and individuals if the teacher is always the one to make decisions and tell the students what they are to do. I feel the main purpose of education is to allow the students to become responsible and productive citizens. My duty is to teach, of course, but in a facilitating manner as to guide the students into the learning rather than in an authoritative manner. This, however, does not mean that there is no organization or order in the classroom. I try to provide developmentally appropriate practices and experiences. According to Piaget, a great number in the researcher in the field of education, children at eight or nine years of age become more able to classify according to more than one variable, to rank order items in logical series, to understand that amounts of mass or liquids do not change just because their shape does, and to intellectually manipulate new and more complex relationships. Spoken and written communications improve as children complete their basic understanding of grammar. Also, even though students at this age have a much more mature understanding or many processes and relationships, it is still based on concrete reality. Learning takes place most successfully when concrete objects are present. Therefore, I believe in providing as many concrete learning experiences as possible for the students. I also feel students need to be exposed to as many creative experiences through much writing as well as art activities. Therefore, I will involve my students in lots of writing activities and art activities as well. Not only is writing important but reading and lots of it is very important. The more a child reads and is exposed to rich experiences;... Free Essays on Philosophy Of Education Philosophy of Education â€Å"It seems to me that education has a two-fold function to perform in the life of man and in society: the one is utility and the other is culture. Education must enable a man to become more efficient, to achieve with increasing facility the legitimate goals of his life.† - Rev. Dr. Martin L. King Jr. (1948 Morehouse College) In my interpretation, this statement is the culmination of the ultimate goal of education in all societies and cultures. The differences lie in our specific philosophies or applications of educational philosophy, or in other words â€Å"an approach.† When evaluating my philosophy of education, my views are very clear but ever changing to the needs and standards of each specific situation, while fulfilling basic working knowledge. This philosophy entails a combination of essentialism and progressivism(Ryan you must be able to control them. You need to be firm yet loving. Not only do I desire that they learn the basics, but also learn other applicable life skills. The Purpose of Education The Encyclopedia Britannica of 1952 says the purpose of education is to raise up children to follow in their parent’s traditions with good success. People in all societies want their children to have the same values as their parents. That has been the traditional understanding of a good education. Reading, writing, arithmetic, and history are the tools we give our children to carry on the values we have established for them All societies and cultures, whether tribal, monarchical, dictatorial, democratic, or republican undertake the education of children as a primary function. But why do societies educate children? The ans...

Beleifs of Ancient India Essay Sample

The beliefs and thoughts of Ancient India such as the caste system. karma. reincarnation and Buddhism greatly influenced its society by maintaining the people calm and happy even in imbalanced state of affairss. The caste system is a hierarchal construction in which people are born into their category. or caste. with no exclusion. For illustration. if two people were low-ranking husbandmans. the boy and/or girl of these parents would besides be born as husbandman even if he/she showed outstanding intelligence and leading. Though this does non look right or merely. the people of Ancient India had no job with it and did non arise chiefly because of two beliefs. karma and reincarnation. Karma is the belief that the behaviour of a individual in their present life will impact the category they are born into in the hereafter when reincarnated. Reincarnation is the belief that worlds will come back in a new human signifier after they die. Karma and reincarnation helped the people of Ancient India with unpleasant lives manage with their poorness or under-appreciation by giving them hope for better lives in the hereafter. From a different point of position. Buddhism besides helped act upon India in a much more â€Å"fair† manner. It still uses reincarnation and karma as portion of the faith. nevertheless more things are besides now introduced much like the four baronial truths. The Four Noble Truths consist the kernel of Buddha’s instructions. They are the truth of enduring. the truth of the cause of enduring. the truth of the terminal of enduring. and the truth of the way that leads to the terminal of enduring. Basically. enduring exists. it has a cause. it has an terminal ; and it has a cause to convey about its terminal. The caste system states that each individual in society is born into his or her ain category and that person’s karma in their preceding life is the make up ones minding factor for which category he or she is born into. The Brahmin priests who. obviously. were the highest category of people and had the most power created the caste system of India. They had control over everyone and instilled the nucleus beliefs of karma and reincarnation. Without the Brahmans at the caput of Indian society. the swayers and warriors would hold had control and the society would non hold been able to remain civil and peaceable for every bit long as it did. finally interrupting out into war. The high categories of the caste. gave the lower 1s an illustration of what there following life can be like. therefore making a peaceable system were the lower categories strive to be good and nice in hope of life in a higher one after reincarnation. The caste truly was a utile system used to assist make a pea ceable society. Buddhism is a bit more complex than the caste system nevertheless. However. it still uses reincarnation and karma in its instructions. Karma. in Buddhism. determines where a individual will be reborn and their position in their following life. Good karma can ensue in being born in one of the celestial kingdom. Bad karma can do metempsychosis as an animate being. or torture in a snake pit kingdom. The Four Noble Truths are a event program for covering with the agony humanity faces. agony of a physical sort. or of a mental nature. The First Truth identifies the presence of enduring. The Second Truth. on the other manus. seeks to find the cause of enduring. In Buddhism. desire and ignorance prevarication at the root of agony. By desire. Buddhists refer to hungering pleasance. material goods. and immortality. all of which are wants that can neer be satisfied. As a consequence. wanting them can merely convey agony. The Third Noble Truth. the truth of the terminal of enduring. has double significance. proposing either the terminal of enduring in this life. on Earth. or in the religious life. through accomplishing Nirvana. The Fourth Noble truth is the method for stoping agony. known as the Noble Eightfold Path. The stairss of the Noble Eightfold Path are Right Understanding. Right Thought. Right Speech. Right Action. Right Livelihood. Right Effort. Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration. If a Buddhist were able to follow and obey all of these regulations of life. he would be able to accomplish enlightenment and unrecorded in ageless felicity. This. much like the caste system. was a radical manner to get by with emphasis and unhealthy choler to maintain society safe and peaceable.

2. What is the difference between an alliance problem and an alliance Essay

2. What is the difference between an alliance problem and an alliance symptom, and what does this difference mean in terms of managerial intervention - Essay Example Most of the time differencing between alliance problems and symptoms becomes a challenge for the organization. There is always a difference between these two. Problems are usually not visible on the front line and symptoms on the other hand are quite clear and are a constant reminder of an upcoming problem. In strategic alliances the organizations usually consider a symptom as a problem and instead of doing an in-depth analysis of that symptom they take initiatives to solve it. This false interpretation of problems and symptoms can lead towards greater hazards. An example of difference between alliance symptom and problem is: when an organization observes an unenthusiastic change in the behavior of its partner it should not immediately take initiatives to change this behavior instead it should try to find out the root cause of this change. This change in behavior can be a result of lack of trust among the partners, in-competitive behavior of one of the partners, difference in the atm osphere of the two organizations or a difference between work schedule and strategies of the two organizations. If the organization over-looks these core problems and misinterprets the symptom as a problem then it can endanger the alliance. This misinterpretation is the cause of failure of more than 66 percent of the alliances. Even though the above mentioned factor can be a hurdle in the success of an alliance but proper and effective senior management is the most important factor for overcoming these hazards. If the top management is committed to the success of the alliance then it should take proper steps in order to avoid these problems and their misinterpretation with the symptoms. The management should try to understand the philosophies of the management of their partner organization. If the attitudes and thinking of both the managements would be similar then most of the core problems would be avoided. Another important factor is effective

Mobile Computing and Social Networks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Mobile Computing and Social Networks - Essay Example The application can snap pictures of the accident and attach them to the claim data and upload the claim information to a server. This reduces the length of time to process a claim filed this way. Nationwide competitors have followed suit and developed iPhone, iPad, and Android applications of their own. Policyholders can receive messages via Facebook or Twitter.  Other business processes that have been reengineered as a result of mobile computing include Quick Response (QR) codes which have replaced one-dimensional bar codes. They are read using mobile devices, accepting credit card payments from an iPhone, iPad or Android device, depositing checks using an iPhone without visiting a bank, and many more.  Several surveys have come to general conclusions that applications like Facebook are raising as essential application development platforms. Many others find Google to be more significant in this regard. Considering the mobile computing platforms, Apple seems to be the leader in the market (Vizard, 2012). The present study focuses on mobile computing and social networks learning about their effectiveness, challenges, methods and applications as influencing the lives of all human beings. Mobile Based Applications: Effectiveness and Efficiency: Different companies are in the present times trying to organize for innovative mobile applications that exhibits the feature of geo-location. It is a technology that uses data available from the mobile device of an individual and identifies their exact location at a particular point of time. These days this feature can be found in almost all mobile devices particularly enhanced in the Smartphones that enable GPS (Global Positioning System) such as iPhone, Droid and others. The benefits of geo-marketing have already been identified. These applications enable discounts and promotions to the users when they make the purchases and in turn also provide them real time valuable data based on the preferences of the customers. This data may be put together with the profile of a customer providing a personalized experience (Jaiswal, n.d., p.1). Location-aware applications can also be combined with the social media platforms that permit third-party developers to incorporate geo-location apps into their service. This requires lesser technological investment and a company can control the capabilities of the platform services – like Facebook – to advance its marketing approaches by letting them to provide local information and publicity. â€Å"For example, Booyah, a â€Å"location-based video-game company,† is the creator of myTown, one of the most popular iPhone apps. The company recently launched InCrowd, a location-aware app built on Facebook Places technology, which lets users interact with friends and share posts in real-time in real-world locations† (Jaiswal, n.d., p.2). However, although the technology proves to be beneficial, there are certain concerns amongst the customers in regard to the privacy around the use of the apps particularly concerning the collection of the location data, spamming by advertisements, and other associated factors (Jaiswal, n.d., p.3). With the GPS systems being available in the mobile handling devices in the recent times, the use of systems based on location have become more popular. The most recent â€Å"

Progesterone For Maintenance Tocolytic Therapy after Threatened Preterm Labour Essay Example for Free

Progesterone For Maintenance Tocolytic Therapy after Threatened Preterm Labour Essay What was the sampling technique used and what are the advantages and disadvantages of using that technique? The researchers used a two-stage sampling method that was non-random in the first stage and randomized in the second stage. The total population was made up of 137 patients who were admitted for preterm labour. Selection from this initial population was non-random because there were exclusion criteria. The seventy women included were randomised to their treatment groups by assigning randomly generated numbers. The main advantage of using the technique was its simplicity and straightforwardness. Every individual who fit the inclusion criteria had equal chance of being selected. The disadvantage of the technique was that there was bias in the initial selection. Such bias could have affected the accuracy of the experiment. Was there randomisation? There was randomisation in the second stage of sampling, where all those women who fit the inclusion criteria were part of the sampling population. Randomisation was done by generating random numbers and assigning numbers to the women included in the study. Was it biased? There were several sources of bias in the study. The fact that the patients were all from the same clinic is already in itself introducing bias. The study was not double blind, which could also be a source of bias. The use of exclusion criteria in the first stage of sampling lessened the bias. In the second stage of sampling, efforts were done to further remove bias by assigning treatment to all included patients. No patient also left the study, thus further reducing bias. Describe the validity and power of the study Based on the researchers’ desired results, the statistical power of the study for improving latency was initially calculated be 80% with an assumption of getting standard deviation (SD) of 12 days at 5% level of significance. However, when their results came out, the power was calculated to be lower (value for this was not presented in the paper). By checking the means and SD for latency, and assuming a two-tailed analysis, power was calculated to be 51% only. This could be attributed to the high standard deviation that could in turn be due to the relatively small number of samples tested. In other similar studies, the sample population is much higher. For example, another study testing the effect of vaginal progesterone on preterm birth used 413 women (Eduardo B. Da Fonseca, et al. , 2007). Despite the low statistical power, the results presented here are valid as preliminary data on the supplementation of tocolytic therapy with vaginal progesterone to control preterm labour. The study was able to show that progesterone treatment had an effect on the other outcomes that were measured (please refer to Table 2 in the text). Background information of the hypothesis Progesterone is a steroid hormone that is widely used in hormone replacement therapy in menopausal women. It is also used to induce menstruation in women who suddenly stop menstruating. Its capacity to control preterm labour was first reported in the 1980s. Oral administration of progesterone induces side effects like migraine, dizziness, vomiting and blurred vision. This was the usual mode of administration of progesterone, which was proven effective to reduce preterm labour (Meis, et al. , 2003). Since 2003, studies have reported on the use of progesterone vaginal suppository to treat preterm labour (E. B. Da Fonseca, Bittar, Carvalho, Zugaib, 2003) and even in high risk women (Eduardo B. Da Fonseca, et al. , 2007). Until this current study, there were no previous reports on the use of progesterone to supplement tocolytic therapy, using magnesium sulphate and intravenous ampicillin, on women who actually had preterm labour. Hypothesis of the study Null hypothesis: The use of vaginal progesterone after inhibition of preterm labour will not change latency period and recurrence of preterm labour. Alternate hypothesis (what the study really wants to prove): After the inhibition of preterm labour, treatment with vaginal progesterone will result in increased latency period and decreased recurrence of preterm labour. Methodology The study was conducted on 70 women who were had arrested uterine activity after they were treated for premature labour. The women were randomized to two groups; one was administered vaginal progesterone and the other, a placebo, until delivery. Subjects were monitored for days to latency until delivery, recurring preterm labour and other primary and secondary outcomes. Different statistical tests were used to determine if the treatments resulted in significantly different outcomes. Comparisons were done using Student’s t-test for quantitative data; chi-square and Fisher exact tests, among others, were used for categorical data. Conclusion of the study The study concluded that the use of vaginal progesterone after tocolytic therapy was effective in increasing latency to delivery but not in decreasing the incidence of recurrence of preterm labour. Is it a valid assumption based on the data of the study? Describe the applicability and relevance of the paper to clinical practice. The conclusion is valid based on the data of the study. The paper and the results presented are applicable and relevant to clinical practice because it proposes a new means of treating preterm labour for increased latency. Although the recurrence of preterm labour appeared not to be reduced with the treatment, this could be due to the advanced stage of the pregnancy when the preterm labour occurred or due to the small sampling population. It is significant to note that this is the first to report on the supplementation of tocolytic therapy with vaginal progesterone. Further studies can also be done to validate the results.

The Articles of Confederation Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Articles of Confederation was America’s first constitution. The Articles of Confederation were adopted by Congress in 1777 and provided for a â€Å"firm league of friendship† between the thirteen independent states. The Articles were in force from March 1, 1781, to June 21, 1788 and had both positive and negative effects on the states. The Articles of Confederation provided a very effective form of government with respect to the western lands but, in contrast, the government under the Articles of Confederation struggled in terms of foreign relations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Congress of the Confederation passed very significant pieces of legislation dealing with the Old Northwest, the area of land south of the Great Lakes, east of the Mississippi River, and to the northwest of the Ohio River. The Land Ordinance of 1785 established the public land policy of the United States that lasted for more than 75 years. The Land Ordinance of 1785 provided that the land of the Northwest should be surveyed and sold with the proceeds sent to the Congressional Congress to help alleviate the national debt. They land that was surveyed was to be divided into townships six miles squared, each of which was then to be separated into thirty-six segments of one square mile each. In this monumental piece of legislation, the sixteenth section of each township was to be set aside for public schools. In addition to the Land Ordinance of 1785, the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was passed under the Articles of Confederation. The Northwest Ordinance provided for the formation of not less than three, nor more than five, states. The Northwest Ordinance created three stages, in which the first two evolutionary territorial stages would be subordinate to the federal government. In the first stage, the total population included fewer than 5,000 adult males, the officials were appointed by U.S. Congress and included a territorial Governor, Secretary, and three judges. The Governor and judges made laws. Under the second stage, total population included more than 5,000 adult males, there were elected and appointed officials. The government officials included a territorial Governor, a Secretary, three judges and a non-voting Territorial Delegate to U.S. Congress that was elected by the territorial legislature. The law making body under this second stage was a B... ...est with strangulation. Spain also claimed a large territory, north of the Gulf of Mexico including Florida, granted to the United States by the British in 1783. Spain and England together, using their influence among the bitter Indian tribes, prevented America from implementing efficient control over much of its total territory. In addition to the Spanish and English threat, France also provided America with some trouble. France demanded compensation for the money loaned during the war and constrained trade with their West Indies and many of their other ports. Foreign relations were very rough under the Articles Of Confederation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Articles of Confederation did not supply America with a sufficient enough government. The government created under the Articles of Confederation did both positive and negative things for the nation. While the Articles of Confederation provided a fairly effective form of government with respect to the western lands it was not so successful with foreign relations. Under the Articles of Confederation the central government was too weak, the â€Å"firm league of friendship† caused America to be the laughing stock of all nations.

Ethics Hw Week 6

ETHICS HW WEEK 6 ————————————————- 1. | Question:| Teddy's Supplies' CEO has asked you to advise him on the facts of the case, and your opinion of their potential liability. Write a memo to him which states your view of whether the company is exposed to liability on all issues you feel are in play. Include in your memo any laws which apply and any precedential cases either for or against Teddy's case which impact liability. Include your opinion of the â€Å"worst case† of damages the company may have to pay to Virginia.   | Your Answer:| Memo to CEO: Your company is in fact in liability for negligence in protecting the best interest of your employee, Pollard. Even though she participated in many of the sexual harassment situations your upper management did anything to stop or report any of the activities they were aware of. The people put n charge failed the compan y and Ms Pollard by not being responsible and assuming just as much responsibility as she had in the situation. Per the EEO guidelines: An employer is always responsible for harassment by a supervisor that culminated in a tangible employment action. If the harassment did not lead to a tangible employment action, the employer is liable unless it proves that: 1) it exercised reasonable care to prevent and promptly correct any harassment; and 2) the employee unreasonably failed to complain to management or to avoid harm otherwise An individual qualifies as an employee's â€Å"supervisor† if the individual has the authority to recommend tangible employment decisions affecting the employee or if the individual has the authority to direct the employee's daily work activities. A â€Å"tangible employment action† means a significant change in employment status. Examples include hiring, firing, promotion, demotion, undesirable reassignment, a decision causing a significant change in benefits, compensation decisions, and work assignment Employers should establish, distribute to all employees, and enforce a policy prohibiting harassment and setting out a procedure for making complaints. In most cases, the policy and procedure should be in writing. Small businesses may be able to discharge their responsibility to prevent and correct harassment through less formal means. For example, if a business is sufficiently small that the owner maintains regular contact with all employees, the owner can tell the employees at staff meetings that harassment is prohibited, that employees should report such conduct promptly, and that a complaint can be brought â€Å"straight to the top. † If the business conducts a prompt, thorough, and impartial investigation of any complaint that arises and undertakes swift and appropriate corrective action, it will have fulfilled its responsibility to â€Å"effectively prevent and correct harassment http://www. eoc. gov/policy/docs/harassment-facts. html By violating al of the above content we would recommend that Virginia be awarded damages for back pay, a psychological evaluation, a percentage of stocks/shares in the company for future earnings and action disciplinary to be taken against all parties involved| | | Points Received:| 25 of 30 | | Comments:| How did the management fail her? | 2. | Question:| The NJ Human R ights commission found that Pollard was the victim of Sexual Harassment and disparate treatment. Please answer these questions:   a. Provide the most current definition of â€Å"sexual harassment,† including a definition of quid pro quo and hostile environment sexual harassment. Name an appellate  court case where an employer was found liable for either quid pro quo or hostile environment sexual harassment. Describe the facts of the case, and the decision the court came to in the case. Include the citation to the case and a link to it online. Would the case apply to Pollard's case? Why or why not? Would you want to use this case in Teddy's favor or Pollard’s favor? (10 points)b. Explain which form of sexual harassment that you suspect NJ Human Rights commission found Virginia had been a victim of and why you feel that is the case. Provide law or a case to support your position. If you feel Pollard was not a victim of harassment in this case, explain why you feel that way, and provide law or a case to support your position;  Ã‚  (10 points)c. Explain what defenses to sexual harassment Teddy's had in this case (Include the name and citation of  at least two  federal or state sexual harassment case(s) which provide precedential support to your defense statement. (10 points. )d. What is disparate treatment and why do you think the Human Rights commission found it had occurred? Do you agree with this decision? (10 points. )  |   | Your Answer:| A. The legal definition of sexual harrassment is a form of sex discrimination. The legal definition of sexual harassment is â€Å"unwelcome verbal, visual, or physical conduct of a sexual nature that is severe o r pervasive and affects working conditions or creates a hostile work environment. Quid pro quo, a Latin term meaning â€Å"this for that,† occurs when your boss offers you benefits, or threatens to change your working conditions, based on your response to his demands for sexual favors. â€Å"I'll give you a raise if you go out with me†¦. † or â€Å"I'll demote you if you don't have sex with me† are examples of â€Å"quid pro quo† harassment. Hostile environment harassment occurs when physical, verbal, or visual sexual harassment is severe or pervasive enough to create a hostile or abusive work environment. This type of harassment does not require a loss or threat of loss of your job, or the promise of benefits. Comments about your body, sexual remarks, pornographic pictures displayed at the workplace, and touching and grabbing may all create a hostile work environment. In addition, the conduct must be unwelcome to you. If you like, want, or welcome the conduct, then you are not being sexually harassed. And if the conduct does not relate to your sex or have sexual references, it's not sexual harassment. 1998 the Supreme Court decided in Ellerth v. Burlington Industries, No. 7-569 and Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, No. 97-282 that companies may be held vicariously liable if supervisors sexually harass workers even if the employees do not report the harassment and suffered no tangible loss. By making employers liable for supervisors' sexual harassment encourages an employer, as no other regime does, to exercise the greatest possible care in screening prospective managers and in training, supervising and monitoring supervisory personnel. It gives employers an incentive to put effective policies and training programs in place. In fact, 54% of Fortune 500 employers admitted in one survey that fears of legal exposure prompted them to establish company policies against harassment. And experience has shown these policies and programs work. Companies that have implemented sexual harassment training programs have reported reduced numbers of claims that develop into lawsuits. http://www. hr-guide. com/data/A07202. htm yes this case would apply to pollards case because in this case too the sexual harassment was not being reported. The companies were too held liable for what was going on with their employers. B. I think they used the basic form of sexual haraasment in th eworkplcae because the boss did not threaten her with sexual advances but condonednthe mistreatment the other male employees had put on her. Even though she did not properly report the abuse I do feel that she was a victim because she encountered several incidents where her right swere violated. C. On June 26th, the U. S. Supreme Court decided the following two cases: Burlington Industries v. Ellerth Facts—The employee, Kimberly Ellerth, worked for Burlington Industries from March 1993-May 1994, as a salesperson in one of Burlington's divisions in Chicago, Ill. During her employment, she claims she was subjected to constant sexual harassment by her supervisor, Ted Slowik. Slowik was a mid-level manager. Burlington has eight divisions, employing more than 22,000 people in 50 plants around the U. S. Slowick was a vice president in one of five business units within one of the divisions. He had authority to make hiring and promotion decisions subject to the approval of his supervisor, who signed the paperwork. Slowik was not Ellerth's immediate supervisor. Ellerth worked in a two-person office in Chicago, and she answered to her colleague, who in turn answered to Slowik in New York. ttp://www. lkorn-law. com/articles/relevent/supreme_decides_sex_har. htm Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, and Burlington Industries Inc. v. Ellerth, the Supreme Court basically stated that the employer is responsible for the actions of the supervisor, even when the employer is unaware of the supervisor’s behavior. An employer can no longer claim that they did not know about the sexual harassment because the employee did not inform them, nor can they claim that they were unaware of the supervisor’s behavior. Out of the two cases listed above the first one is relevant to the case because even though she was disciplined for cell phone usage she was still sent to another area to be subjected to further humiliation by her male co-workers. The second case states where even though the Pollard did not reprt the abuse the supervisor was well aware of what was going on. D. Intentional discriminatory dealing with individuals having a disability or belonging to a particular group based on their age, ethnicity, race, or sex. The Human Rights commssion saw that Pollard was discriminated on due to her sex. Yes I fully agree with their decision. She should be awarded for all damages and future earnings. I would not want that particular job back but one in another area with maybe the same company. Read more: http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/disparate-treatment. html#ixzz17DKebnxM | | | Points Received:| 40 of 40 | | Comments:| Great that you answered all parts of the question! Also I like that you used the case in which the cell phone discipline took place while it was determined that harassment occurred. This shows that 2 wrongs do not make a right! | 3. Question:| The CEO asks you to review the sexual harassment policy currently in place, which Virginia signed. He wants you to provide him with suggestions for change to it. Review the policy and give three recommendations for changes, enhancements and ideas for making the policy stronger. Include your reasons for these suggestions. If you find information online for making these changes, include citations and/or links to t hat information. Explain how your suggestions may have protected Teddy's in this case. Support these recommendations with current case law.   | Your Answer:| The contract signed by Virginia was vague. It also states that there will be a warning. She was terminated immediately. My suggestion would be to go further by having the employees attend sexual harassment training. They should also offer some type of support for their employees who think they are experiencing it or actually experiencing it. They should also make the supervisors and all employees aware of their no tolerance policy. â€Å"An employer should correct harassment that is clearly unwelcome regardless of whether a complaint is filed. For example, if there is graffiti in the workplace containing racial or sexual epithets, management should not wait for a complaint before erasing it. An employer should ensure that its supervisors and managers understand their responsibilities under the organization's anti-harassment policy and complaint procedures. An employer should screen applicants for supervisory jobs to see if they have a history of engaging in harassment. If so, and the employer hires such a candidate, it must take steps to monitor actions taken by that individual in order to prevent harassment†. An employer should keep records of harassment complaints and check those records when a complaint of harassment is made to reveal any patterns of harassment by the same individuals. http://www. eeoc. gov/policy/docs/harassment-facts. html| | | Points Received:| 18 of 20 | | Comments:| How should the employer â€Å"support † employees? | 4. | Question:| How would Pollard's case be impacted if her replacement had been a female? Would her case be different? Would her damages be different? Explain your answer.   | Your Answer:| Had Pollard been replaced by a female it would make her case weaker stating that it was her and her character in that position that caused the men to react the way that they did towards her. Replacing her with another male shows guilt on the companies side. Had they not been aware of the situation at hand or been doing something to avoid it, it wouldn't have made a difference if they would have hired another female. Her case would have been different beca use had they hired another female would have shown them being less guilty of any of the accusations against them. ecause they did hire a male, made them look more cautious or even suspicious. I don't know for sure if her damages would have been different but her case would have been. she was awarded damages on the jury thinking she was fired unlawfully. | | | Points Received:| 5 of 10 | | Comments:| Why do we blame the woman? The employer has a duty to protect its employees from harassment – that means the men MUST be required to abstain from harassment – not just work with all men. | Bottom of Form

John Keats when i have fears 2 Essay

John Keats’ poem â€Å"When I have Fears that I may cease to be† is about the poet’s contemplation of his own mortality. When Keats woke one day with blood on his pillow, the doctor in him knew that stain to be the mark of his own undoing by consumption. This poem is one way of dealing with that knowledge by asserting that the things that seem the most important at the moment—poetic fame and love—are really nothing compared to the great wide world. The poet has finally come to accept his place in the grand scheme of things, so the tone shifts from questioning hesitancy to peaceful acquiescence. Lines 1-2 discuss how the poet’s brain is filled with possibility—ideas not yet written down by his pen in mounds of important books—and his fear that he may die before he is able to reach his poetic potential. This idea is compounded by the use of both imagery and alliteration in the first quatrain of the poem. The description of the â€Å"full-ripen’d grain† in line 4 compares his poetic imagination to a grainery; that is, a place chock full of ripe food that will nourish the body the way his poetry will fulfill the mind. His use of repeated sounds in â€Å"glean’d,† â€Å"grave’d,† â€Å"garner,† â€Å"garner,† and â€Å"grain† show just how fertile his imagination can be and raise the question of how tragic it may be if he dies before he has reached his peak. Lines 5-8 continue this contemplation of his poetry by considering the raw materials of his work—â€Å"night’s starr’d face† and â€Å"high romance† in the â€Å"huge cloudy symbols†Ã¢â‚¬â€in other words, Keats is seeing everything that he would render into meaningful poetry given the time, but without that chance, he can only mourn the loss of the possible poem that exists in his mind. He also gives a glimpse as to his view of composing poetry when he claims that â€Å"the magic hand of chance† could aid him in rendering mystical nature into a poem. Keats is using the mystery of nature as a symbol for the mystery of his future poetry, poems that will be lost if he ceases to be before committing them to paper. Lines 9-12 move beyond his poetic potential to consider the possibility of love lost in the event of his untimely death. These lines are halting, a nod to the â€Å"faery power of unreflecting love†; it is almost as though Keats worries more over the loss of his future poetry moreso than any chance at love. Love itself is a sham here, an attempt at happiness that, when compared to the power of harnessing nature, loses any real chance at success. This section is only three and a half lines long, not even a full quatrain, a rhythm that gives the reader a sense of rushing; this is the same quality felt by Keats, and it reinforces the essence of the poem—time is running out. The repetition of the word â€Å"when† also conveys the sense of time passing; with each moment, death approaches. Yet for all of these considerations, Keats realizes in the last two and half lines that the things he seeks the most, Fame and Love, are really nothing when compared to the grand scheme of things. The image of the shore is crucial here; when compared to the ocean, Keats’ personal struggles are meaningless, but beyond that, the shoreline represents a boundary line. Just as Keats fears crossing the lines between life and death, he can come to terms with mortality when he finds himself in another in-between zone. Overall, â€Å"When I have Fears that I may cease to be† is a poem about accepting the limitations placed on one by life and time. Though material gains like fame or spiritual experiences like love may seem like all-encompassing purposes for a life, Keats shows that, upon reflection, these things pale in comparison to the larger issues in the world. Through the clever use of specific words and rhyme schemes, Keats conveys his message using poetic techniques.

buy custom How do People Process Health Information essay

buy custom How do People Process Health Information essay Applications in an Age of individualized communication Arizona State University using new communication technologies, it is not only possible, but practical to collect data from individuals in large populations and use that information to tailor messages and persuasive appeals to a specific persons unique needs and interests. Such practice is already common on the World Wide Web and in many direct marketing efforts. It is becoming increasingly common as a tool of health educators. This mass customization approach to communication is fundamentally different from past strategies such as mass communication and even audience segmentation, which is used to target homogeneous population subgroup (Kreuter Skinner, 2000). Though not yet ubiquitous, technology-driven individualized communication is likely to be used with increasing frequency and to become more sophisticated in the years ahead. Therefore, its important to understand whether people process such information differently than they do other forms of communication and if so, to consider ways to build on this knowledge to enhance the effectiveness of communication-based efforts to promote better health and well-being. Traditional health education materials contain information that is the same for every recipient: a kind of one-size-fits-all approach. With he advent of new computer technologies, a different approach to constructing health-education materials has emerged; materials are not massed produced, but rather generated one at a time by computers and tailored to the individual. Psychological and behavioral data are gathered from individuals and entered into a computer program that determines which health messages from among a library of possibilities are most appropriate for each individual (Petty Cacioppos, 1981). Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) provides a theoretical rationale for tailored communication. According to this model, individuals are more likely to actively and thoughtfully process information-i.e. to engage in what Petty and Cacioppo call central-route processing-if they perceive it to be personally relevant. ELM is based on the premise that under many conditions, people are active information processors-considering messages carefully, treating them to other information they have encountered, and comparing them with their own past experiences. Studies have shown that messages processed in this way (i.e. elaborated upon) tend to be retained for a longer period of time and are more likely to lead to permanent change rather than messages that are not elaborated upon (Cacioppo Strathman Preiester, 1993). One might expect, therefore that comparison of tailored and non-tailored health education materials elicit (a) greater attention, (b) greater comprehension, (c) greater likelihood of discussing the content with other people, (d) greater intention to change the behaviors addressed by the content, and (e) greater likelihood of behavioral change. Research findings to date are consistent with these expectations, for example, compared with non-tailored messages, tailored messages are more likely to be read and remembered (Skinner, Strecher, Hospers, 1993), saved (Brug, Steenhaus, VanAssema, DeVries, 1996), discussed with other people ( Brug, Glanz, VanAssema, Kok, Van Breukelen, 1998) and perceived by readers as interesting (Campbell, et al., 1993), personally relevant, and having been written especially for them (Brug, et al., 1996). Conclusion In this article, we have presented some of the findings from two earlier phases of tailoring researches describing studies seeking to determine if tailoring works, and how it works. Although the former question has been reasonably well researched, the latter remains a largely uncharted territory. We framed the question from an ELM perspective and found supporting evidence. However, this is not the only viable explanation for tailoring persuasive effects; for example, it may be that tailored information draws a receivers attention toward a certain valued expectations that are featured in the communication and away from expectations that are less valued. This might change the balance of factors influencing the receivers decisions and actions. Buy custom How do People Process Health Information essay

Marketing Report for Teejay's Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing Report for Teejay's - Assignment Example Proposed Market Teejays is a growing organization with a strong presence in the UK market. Therefore, the company requires a market that is equally growing and promising in the future. As such, the best market for Teejays would be China. Presently, China is one of the fastest growing market for customer care and other related outsourcing services. Also the country is set to be a new economic super power within few years. What makes China the potential market for Teejays is the country’s shift in the market focus. â€Å"Till today, the domestic market is still the principal part of China’s call center market, accounting for about 80 per cent, while Japan and South Korea have been China’s major offshoring markets, where China is in absolute dominance.† (Chunyan, 2010) But now the country has realized the importance of expanding the market to the western countries. This necessitates vigorous training of the potential employees as unlike the competitors India or Philippines, China has low proficiency in English language. The Chinese government has begun huge investment in English which throws out huge market opportunities for companies like Teejays. (Graddol, 2008) â€Å"Chinese people are bad at expressing themselves orally in a foreign language, however, they are good at reading and writing in it.† (Hongbing, 2010) The huge focus by the Chinese government on call centres as an economic power plant makes the Chinese market one of the most promising among the world. The Chinese government has even coined the term ‘Call Economy’ in order to represent the massive size of call centres to the Chinese Economy. (CCC, 2010) The Chinese economy was so far being dominated by manufacturing sector. But now the service sector is experiencing massive growth to emerge as the backbone of the economy. The annual growth rate in the Chinese call centre jobs is 15%. In 2009 itself more than 5 billion Euros were invested in the call cent re market. Way back in 2006, Chinese government has launched a project which designated 10 Chinese cities mainly for developing call centres and related service companies. Apart from that the country’s investment in the education sector is massive in order to equip the employable people to take up offshore business. As Teejays is primarily a call centre training consultant, it has huge potential market in China. Prospective call centre employees require improvement in their language proficiency. Government is also providing various supportive measures in order to foster the development of such training institutes. China has witnessed well known call centre companies entering the market in the recent years. â€Å"Growth in the number of Call Centers and number of agent positions seats in China is steadily increasing, and the revenue growth for technology vendors selling enterprise Call Center solutions has been in the double digits.† (APRG, 2011) With the boom in the ca ll centre industry, there is a huge growth in the revenue of technology vendors. Call centre training institutes have similar opportunity for increasing the market share and revenue. The increased presence of multinational companies in China has necessitated the need for better customer relationship management. Companies have

Interpersonal Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interpersonal Theory - Essay Example During this stage, Freud believed, the Oedipus complex occurs in which the child desires the parent of the other sex and feels rivalry with the same-sex parent. When the Oedipus complex is resolved, the child identifies with the same-sex parent, but females retain a lingering sense of inferiority and "penis envy"—a notion contested by female psychoanalysts like Clara Thompson and Karen Horney (Wade & Travis, 1993). Carl Jung believed that people share a collective unconscious that contains universal memories and images, or archetypes. Personality, in this view, includes many archetypes, such as the shadow (evil) and the anima and animus. The object-relations school emphasizes the importance of the first two years of life, rather than the Oedipal phase; the infant’s relationships to important figures, especially the mother, rather than sexual needs and drives; and the problem in male development of breaking away from the mother (Guntrip, 1961). Thus individuals who are at various stages of development can experiences problems in having a well adjusted personality as well as having positive relationships with other people who are around them. Most of us have come in contact with people who seem to successfully irritate or frighten people away with their clinginess, significant lack of self esteem, and even anger and threatening behavior. Psychodynamic theories suggest that these individuals adapted this personality style by going through a childhood which was filled with anxiety (Guntrip, 1961). While this manner of dealing with others may have been beneficial in their youth, as adults it serves to almost guarantee their needs will not be met. There are three identified ways of dealing with the world that are formed by an upbringing in a neurotic family: Moving Toward People, Moving Against People, and Moving Away From People (Guntrip, 1961). Psychodynamic approaches have been criticized for